Skills

Six of them, and a project is only as achievable as the hardest one it asks for. Each entry below says what the skill covers, which assessments need it, and how often the need turns out to be avoidable. Machines are not skills and are counted separately, on Tools and machines.

The figures on this page are computed across 3 example assessments, written to test the model rather than chosen as a sample. They show the calculation, not a result.

  1. Soldering

    Joining components to a board or to wire with molten alloy. Through-hole and surface-mount both count; the quantity and the part size are stated per project.

    Assessments needing it
    1 of 3
    Recorded as not needed
    2 of 3
    The hardest part on
    1 of 3
    Of those, with a way round
    1 of 1
    • Freezer Temperature AlarmNot needed

      None, if the board is bought with headers pre-soldered and the probe is bought with its pull-up resistor fitted. One published build solders a flat flex cable and a discrete resistor instead.

      If you get it wrongA cold joint on the one-wire data line reads as no sensor found rather than as a bad reading, which is at least an honest failure.

      Way round itThe Pi Hut sells the XIAO ESP32-C3 with headers pre-soldered for GBP 0.70 more than the loose-header version, and its DS18B20 probe ships with the 4.7k pull-up already fitted. Together those remove soldering from this build entirely.

    • Letterbox Post Sensor

      About twenty minutes: a reed switch, a battery holder, a charge board and a breakout onto a bare ESP32-C3 module. Through-hole throughout, no surface mount.

      If you get it wrongThe most common reported failure is not a ruined board but an intermittent one: loose wiring on the distance sensor shows up as initialisation failures weeks later, in a box you have screwed shut.

      Way round itA pre-soldered ESP32-C3 with headers and a breakout with a plug-in connector removes most of it, at the cost of a larger assembly that may not fit a slim letterbox.

    • Reflash a Cloud-Dead Smart PlugNot needed

      Model-dependent. One write-up reports needing none, holding jumper wires against the pads instead, while noting that other plugs do require it.

      If you get it wrongSolder on a mains-carrying board that is later closed up is exactly where a bad joint matters most.

      Way round itPogo pins or a friend to hold the wires. Several published methods avoid soldering entirely on the more common models.

  2. Firmware and Command Line

    Putting software onto a device and editing its configuration. A terminal, a serial connection and a config file. Not writing a program from nothing.

    Assessments needing it
    3 of 3
    Recorded as not needed
    0 of 3
    The hardest part on
    1 of 3
    Of those, with a way round
    3 of 3
    • Freezer Temperature Alarm

      One ESPHome flash over USB, then a YAML file of about fifteen lines.

      If you get it wrongRe-flash and try again. Nothing is lost but the evening.

      Way round itESPHome's web installer flashes from a browser, so no command line is strictly required.

    • Letterbox Post Sensor

      An ESPHome deep-sleep configuration, which is meaningfully harder than a mains-powered one: the device is asleep when you want to update it.

      If you get it wrongOne source reports over-the-air updates timing out because the sleep cycle is too aggressive to catch. Recoverable, but only by opening the box and connecting a cable.

      Way round itNone worth the name. Deep sleep is the whole reason the battery lasts.

    • Reflash a Cloud-Dead Smart Plug

      Holding the module in bootloader mode while writing firmware over serial, then configuring the correct pin mapping for the specific plug. The pin mapping is model-specific and getting it wrong gives a plug that boots but does not switch.

      If you get it wrongAn interrupted write leaves the module with neither firmware. A vendor forum thread records exactly this outcome. Usually recoverable by rewriting, sometimes not.

      Way round itThe tuya-convert method flashed these devices over the air with no opening and no soldering. It exploited a vulnerability the vendor patched some years ago, so it works only on old stock. Check the firmware version before buying an adapter.

  3. CAD and Measurement

    Drawing a part to a dimension, and taking the measurements it has to match.

    Assessments needing it
    0 of 3
    Recorded as not needed
    0 of 3
    The hardest part on
    0 of 3
    Of those, with a way round
    None to count

    No example asks for it yet. That is a fact about which examples were written, not about the skill: nothing has been assessed that would exercise it.

  4. Fabrication

    Producing the part once it is drawn: printed, laser cut, CNC routed, or ordered from a service. The skill is getting a usable part, not owning the machine that makes it.

    Assessments needing it
    0 of 3
    Recorded as not needed
    0 of 3
    The hardest part on
    0 of 3
    Of those, with a way round
    None to count

    No example asks for it yet. That is a fact about which examples were written, not about the skill: nothing has been assessed that would exercise it.

  5. Network and Home Assistant Configuration

    Running a hub, adopting a device onto it, and writing an automation that behaves the way it was meant to.

    Assessments needing it
    1 of 3
    Recorded as not needed
    0 of 3
    The hardest part on
    1 of 3
    Of those, with a way round
    1 of 1
    • Freezer Temperature Alarm

      A running Home Assistant instance, an ESPHome device adoption, and one automation with a sustained-window trigger rather than an instant one.

      If you get it wrongAn automation triggering on the instant reading alarms every time the door opens, and gets muted within a week. A muted alarm is the same as no alarm.

      Way round itNone. Without Home Assistant or an equivalent, there is nothing to raise the alarm, and the commercial units use their own app instead.

  6. Mechanical Fitting

    Mounting, drilling, sealing, and getting an assembly to stay where it was put.

    Assessments needing it
    2 of 3
    Recorded as not needed
    0 of 3
    The hardest part on
    0 of 3
    Of those, with a way round
    2 of 2
    • Letterbox Post Sensor

      Mounting a weatherproof box and a magnet inside the letterbox, aligned closely enough that the reed switch triggers on the flap and not on the wind.

      If you get it wrongA misaligned magnet gives either constant false triggers or silence, and both look identical from indoors.

      Way round itNone for a metal box: one source notes that a metal mailbox attenuates WiFi badly enough that the aerial has to go outside it, which usually means drilling.

    • Reflash a Cloud-Dead Smart Plug

      Opening a sealed consumer enclosure that was not designed to be opened. Clip-fit cases are usual and the clips do not always survive.

      If you get it wrongA cracked case on a device that plugs into mains is not cosmetic. If it will not close properly afterwards it should not be used.

      Way round itNone. The pins are inside.

Not on this page yet

There is no page for any individual skill. When there is, each one carries what the first hour looks like, what it costs to practise on something that does not matter, and where people actually get stuck rather than where a tutorial says they will.